Since the beginning of the Church, Christian thinkers have pondered the question, What does it mean to be created in the image of God? But at the end of the nineteenth century, new questions began to emerge among Russian religious thinkers: What is the purpose of woman? And what might it mean to be created male and female in the image of God? Among the Orthodox theologians who have pondered this question, Sergii Bulgakov offers not only the fullest response, but inspiration for a series of later thinkers who draw from his work.