The Wheel #39. Who Am I?. Winter 2025

Russkii Mir, the Romanian Legionnaire Movement, and Religious Fascism 

This article examines two important religiously based movements within Orthodoxy in terms of their relationship to fascism: the Legion of the Archangel Michael (better known as the Iron Guard), which flourished in Romania between 1927 and 1944; and the ideology of Russkii mir (the Russian world), the official policy of the Russian State and the[…..]

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The Wheel #36. John D. Zizioulas: Perspectives. Winter 2024

Nature and Person in Metropolitan John Zizioulas and Father Dumitru Stăniloae

The anthropologies of both Metropolitan John Zizioulas and Father Dumitru Stăniloae fall within the broad personalist movement in modern Orthodox theology. This movement identifies the principal philosophical and theological characteristic of human existence in the personal mode of existence of every human, an image of the mode of existence of the Persons of the Divine[…..]

The Wheel #34/35. Come, Let Us Reason Together. Summer/Fall 2023

Divine Wisdom on Trial: The Sophia Affair and Theological Freedom

The classic case of intellectual freedom in modern Orthodox theology is the mid-1930s controversy provoked by Father Sergii Bulgakov’s theology of Sophia or Divine Wisdom (sophiology). Bulgakov’s sophiology was put “on trial” by three instances of the Russian Orthodox Church; two denounced it, and the third determined that Bulgakov should not teach the doctrine at[…..]